Economists warn that enacting tariffs at a time of persisting price pressures is a risky move.

Mr. Chopra, long a target of criticism by Republican lawmakers and banks, has not yet been forced out. “I swore an oath to a five-year term,” he said this week.

The Chinese-owned company said it would cut off its services unless the U.S. assures Apple, Google and other companies that they would not be punished for hosting and distributing TikTok.

The announcement follows a year of high-profile internet blackouts that hit several companies.

As the technology is widely adopted, some once-struggling midsize cities in the Midwest, Mid-Atlantic and South may benefit, new research predicts.

Avelo Airlines and Breeze Airways have found success and loyal customers by serving airports in smaller cities, like New Haven, Conn., that were neglected by national carriers.